Juventus Football Club was founded on 1 November 1897 by a group of Turin students from the Massimo D'Azeglio Lyceum, taking the Latin name "Juventus" (youth) to reflect the founders' age. The signature black-and-white stripes were adopted in 1903, inspired by Notts County of England — the kit was reportedly sent over after a Juve member's English friend posted his Notts County shirt to Turin. The Agnelli family, founders of Fiat, took ownership in 1923 and have controlled the club for over a century, with Edoardo, Gianni, Umberto and most recently Andrea Agnelli serving as president. Today the club plays at the Allianz Stadium (Juventus Stadium), opened in 2011 on the site of the demolished Stadio delle Alpi.
Juventus' 36 Serie A titles (officially 38, with two stripped for Calciopoli) make them the most decorated club in Italian football. The club's defining first golden era spanned the 1930s with five consecutive Scudetti from 1931 to 1935. The Trapattoni-Platini era of the 1980s delivered six league titles, the 1985 European Cup (the night of the Heysel disaster), and the 1984 Cup Winners' Cup. The Marcello Lippi era brought back-to-back Serie A titles in 1996-97 and 1997-98, plus the 1995-96 UEFA Champions League against Ajax. The 2006 Calciopoli match-fixing scandal stripped Juve of two Scudetti and forced relegation to Serie B for the only time in club history.
The 2011-2020 era under Antonio Conte (then Massimiliano Allegri, then Maurizio Sarri) was Juventus' most relentless dominance — nine consecutive Serie A titles, an Italian record. Cristiano Ronaldo's three years at Juventus (2018-2021) added two Scudetti and the global brand boost the club had pursued, though European glory remained out of reach. Alessandro Del Piero (290 goals — club record), Gianluigi Buffon (685 appearances — club record), Pavel Nedvěd, Zinedine Zidane, Andrea Pirlo and Gianluca Vialli have left lasting marks. The Derby d'Italia against Inter and the Derby della Mole against Torino are the defining domestic fixtures.